You may have heard of Six Degrees of Separation. It’s the idea that we’re all just six connections away from everyone else on the planet. This is the inspiration for Sex Degrees of Separation. By answering the questionnaire below we will be able to calculate the number of indirect (and direct) sexual partners you have had, going back six degrees of separation.
The calculator is not a diagnostic tool but does highlight how exposed you can be to STIs if you do not practice safe sex. If you are concerned about your sexual health you can either talk to your GP, pharmacist or visit your local GUM clinic. Information regarding a range of sexual health issues can be found via the menu on the left-hand side of the page.
If you are on of this 2.000.000.000 People (2 Billion) infected with Hepatitis B (and 350.000.000 chronical)
you may interested to read the Test Results.
in Short: Test on
anti-hbs . positive = means you are immun
anti hbsag . positive = means you are infected
anti hbeag . positive = means you can infect others
anti hbc . with hbs = means you are recovered not carrier
HBsAg (anti-HBs)
When HBsAg disapears and anti-HBs (Serokonversion) apears you are classified as healed
Test for Antibodies
* Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs): a positive result indicates immunity to hepatitis B from the vaccination or recovery from an infection.
* Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg): A negative result indicates that a person has recovered from acute hepatitis and has rid themselves of the virus. A positive (or reactive) result indicates an active infection but does not indicate whether the virus can be passed to others.
* Hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg): A positive (or reactive) result indicates the presence of virus that can be passed to others. A negative result usually means the virus cannot be spread to others, except in parts of the world where infection with strains that cannot make this protein are common.
* Anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc): If it is present with a positive anti-HBs, it usually indicates recovery from an infection and the person is not a carrier. In acute infection, the first type of antibody to HBc to appear is an IgM antibody. Testing for this type of antibody can prove whether a person has recently been infected by HBV (where IgM anti-HBc would be positive) or for some time (where IgM anti-HBc would be negative).
* HBV DNA: A positive (or reactive) result indicates the presence of virus that can be passed to others. A negative result usually means the virus cannot be spread to others, especially if tests that can pick up as few as 1,000 viruses (copies) in one mL of blood are used.
Anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) is an antibody to the hepatitis B core antigen. The core antigen is found on virus particles but disappears early in the course of infection. This antibody is produced during and after an acute HBV infection and is usually found in chronic HBV carriers as well as those who have cleared the virus, and usually persists for life.
Hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) is a viral protein associated with HBV infections. Unlike the surface antigen, the e-antigen is found in the blood only when there are viruses also present. When the virus goes into “hiding,” the e-antigen will no longer be present in the blood. HBeAg is often used as a marker of ability to spread the virus to other people (infectivity). M
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is a protein antigen produced by HBV. This antigen is the earliest indicator of acute hepatitis B and frequently identifies infected people before symptoms appear.
Plants as drug factory: the first time researchers have genetically modified plants tailor-made vaccines against cancer. The treatment should be to bring the immune system, to fight the tumor. Initial tests on patients were promising.
U.S. researchers have created a plant-based vaccine, the immune system of cancer patients anfeuern, the malignant cells to find and destroy them. The researchers hope to the future with this approach patients with B-cell lymphoma, a cancer of the immune system, vaccinate them. Through its results report Alison McCormick of the Touro University in Vallejo and their colleagues in the trade magazine “PNAS”. Read the rest of this entry »
Breakthrough In Fight Against Deadly Superbug: Early Detection Method Greatly Increases Chances Of Survival
ScienceDaily (July 21, 2008) — A research team led by University of Sunderland scientists has made a major breakthrough in the fight against a deadly hospital infection which kills tens of thousands of people every year, and it will be available within the next year.
Experts have discovered a technique for the early detection of the superbug pseudomonas aeruginosa which particularly infects patients with cystic fibrosis. 70,000 people worldwide are affected by cystic fibrosis and on average around 50 percent of those will be infected with the superbug – 50 percent of those will die.
Although the research concentrated on the superbug’s relation to cystic fibrosis, pseudomonas aeruginosa also attacks patients with localized and systemic immune defects, such as those suffering with burns, patients with AIDS and cancer.
According to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in the USA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounts for 10 per cent of all hospital infections.
Plants as drug factory: the first time researchers have genetically modified plants tailor-made vaccines against cancer. The treatment should be to bring the immune system, to fight the tumor. Initial tests on patients were promising.
